Topic 2 · Number Theory
AMC 10/12 · Cheatsheet

Topic 2 · Number Theory

Chapter 3 · Advanced: Fermat, Euler & CRT

📋 Reference · always available
Fermat
ap11(modp)  (pa)a^{p-1}\equiv 1 \pmod p\;(p\nmid a)
Euler
aϕ(n)1(modn)  (gcd(a,n)=1)a^{\phi(n)}\equiv 1 \pmod n\;(\gcd(a,n)=1)
Totient
ϕ(pe)=pe1(p1)\phi(p^e)=p^{e-1}(p-1)
CRT
Coprime moduli \Rightarrow unique solution mod their product.